Abstract

Natural bioactive compounds, found in food phytochemicals, play a crucial role in health by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation which are key factors in obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and other chronic diseases. Beyond their anti-inflammatory properties, these molecules also exhibit antifungal and anti-infective effects. Evidence suggests that phytochemicals enhance the functionality of plant-based diets, which are rich in antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, flavonoids, amino acids, and fatty acids. These compounds target oxidative stress and inflammation, crucial for disease management. Bioactive compounds act as nutraceuticals, regulating pathophysiological mechanisms underlying metabolic and chronic diseases. Present in plant-based diets as primary and secondary metabolites, they contribute to health by preventing or managing diseases. Although they exist in small quantities, they can significantly impact health. However, excessive intake may lead to toxic effects. Most bioactive compounds in plant-based diets are highly beneficial, but their optimal dosage and toxicity threshold need evaluation. Further research is necessary to determine safe and effective levels for treating metabolic diseases. Understanding these compounds’ health impacts can help maximize their benefits while minimizing potential risks, ensuring their safe incorporation into functional diets aimed at improving overall well-being.